Is there any place in the United States where I can go to really learn about Irish culture? Is there a specific city or museum or that can really enlighten me on the Irish background, and maybe get me in touch with my roots
Not sure where you are at but if you like to travel, there are a few museums across the country that will certainly enlighten you on Irish history and heritage. I have visited one such museum in upstate New York, http://www.irishamericanheritagemuseum.org/default.asp Durham and East Durham, New York are both heavily Irish and the towns are decorated as such all year round.
And it's never a bad idea to subscribe to Ireland of the Welcomes magazine: http://www.irelandofthewelcomes.com/ If you can't be there, that's the next best thing.
Do a Google search and see if you can find some other related subjects that interest you.
The most educational thing that you can do, is save your money and simply take a 10-14 day trip to Ireland and live and feel it first hand.