Wanderer and Vagabond
Group: Celtic Nation
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Joined: 12-Mar-2004
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LESSON 6
From http://www.taic.btinternet.co.uk/taic.htm
The Dative Case of Nouns
The Dative Case is the form of a noun found after the simple prepositions
Features in Common with the Nominative Case
Dative plural nouns are identical to nominative plural nouns, and the plural definite article remains na:
Masculine plural nouns
balaich - boys
na balaich - the boys
le balaich - with boys
leis na balaich - with the boys
Feminine plural nouns
bùthan - shops
na bùthan - the shops
ann am bùthan - in shops
anns na bùthan - in the shops
The Dative Singular Case of Masculine Nouns
The Indefinite Noun
The dative indefinite noun is identical to the nominative indefinite noun :
Nominative Indefinite Singular/Dative Indefinite Singular
bòrd - table/air bòrd - on a table
leabhar - bookle leabhar - with a book
The Definite Noun
The masculine dative singular noun undergoes identical initial changes as the feminine nominative singular definite nouns (see Lesson3)
The definite article of nouns beginning with d, t, l, n, r, sg, sm, sp or st is identical to the nominative definite nouns. Combined forms of the definite article with the simple prepositions bho, de, do, fo, mu, ro and tro are maintained (see Lesson 5)
Nominative Definite Singular/Dative Definite Singular
an doras - the door/tron doras - through the door
an sgoilear - the pupilleis an sgoilear - with the pupil
an taigh - the houseaig an taigh - at the house
The definite article of dative nouns beginning with a vowel drop the t- of the nominative definite article. Combined forms of the definite article with the simple prepositions bho, de, do, fo, mu, ro and tro are maintained (see Lesson 5)
Nominative Definite Singular/Dative Definite Singular
an t-òran - the song/leis an òran - with the song
an t-ùrlar - the floor/fon ùrlar - under the floor
Nouns beginning with sl, sn, sr or s+vowel add t- to the nominative definite article. Combined forms of the definite article with the simple prepositions bho, de, do, fo, mu, ro and tro are maintained (see Lesson 5)
Nominative Definite Singular/Dative Definite Singular
an seòl - the sail/air an t-seòl - on the sail
an seòmar - the room/anns an t-seòmar - in the room
an sneachd - the snow/leis an t-sneachd - with the snow
an saoghal - the world/mun t-saoghal - about the world
Nouns beginning with b, f, m, p, c or g all lenite in the dative. Combined forms of the definite article with the simple prepositions bho, de, do, fo, mu, ro and tro are maintained (see Lesson5), but with all other simple prepositions the definite changes to a' except for nouns beginning with f:
Nominative Definite Singular/Dative Definite Singular
am bòrd - the table/air a' bhòrd - on the table/fon bhòrd - under the table
am feasgar - the evening/anns an fheasgar - in the evening/den fheasgar - of the evening
am monadh - the moor/air a' mhonadh - on the moor/dhan mhonadh - to the moor
am pàipear - the paper/anns a' phàipear - in the paper/bhon phàipear - from the paper
an cù - the dog/air a' chù on the dog/mun chù - about the dog
an gille - the boy/ris a' ghille - to the boy/ron ghille - before the boy
NEW WORDS
Adjectives
bòidheach - beautiful
brèagha - lovely
ciùin - calm
donn - brown
luath fast
mall - slow
stoirmeil - stormy
uaine - green
Nouns
achadh (m) - field
allt (m) - burn (stream)
aran (m) - bread
baile (m) - town
bainne (m) - milk
bogsa (m) - box
bòrd (m) - table
cèilidh (m) - ceilidh
cladach (m) - shore
cnoc (m) - hill
falt (m) - hair
feasgar (m) - evening
feur (m) - grass
fiadh (m) - deer
gleann (m) - glen
gual (m) - coal
iasg (m) - fish
ìm (m) - butter
monadh (m) - moor, mountain
òran (m) - song
pàipear (m) - paper
ròn (m) -seal
saoghal (m) - world
seòl (m) - sail
sgoilear (m) - pupil, scholar
sneachd (m) - snow
sruth (m) - stream
uisge (m) -water
ùrlar (m) - floor
EXERCISE 1 Translate into English
1.Tha caileag bhòidheach anns a' phàipear ann
2.Tha cù donn beag ann fon bhòrd sin
3.An robh sibh air a' mhonadh? Bha
4.Tha an t-ìm air an aran glè mhath
5.Bha ròn ann air a' chladach
6.Tha an gleann sin brèagha air là ciùin
7.Bha e uabhasach stoirmeil anns an fheasgar
8.Chan eil uisge ann anns an t-sruth
9.Tha teine math teth ann bhon ghual seo
10.An robh e luath leis an t-seòl?
11.Bha sìth ann tron t-saoghal
12.Tha am bainne bhon fhiadh sin uabhasach math?
13.Nach eil aran ùr anns a' bhogsa ann? Tha
14.Bha an duine, leis a' chù, cho mall air a' chnoc
15.Tha taigh ann thairis air an t-sruth
EXERCISE 2 Translate into Gàidhlig
1.The dog is in the box under the table
2.There is (some) coal in the stream
3.Brown hair is very beautiful?
4.I was on the road to the town
5.A day on the moor is good for you (dhut)
6.The floor was wet with water
7.There is green grass in the field
8.The new house is near the fast burn
9.The shore is past the moor
10.Are they not going to the ceilidh in the town? No
11.There are no fish in the burn (There is not a fish in the burn)
12.The table in that room is very nice
13.There was water under the table14.The boat was under sail
15.There was a seal in the water, and on the shore
This post has been edited by WizardofOwls on 13-May-2005, 09:58 PM
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Slàn agus beannachd,
Allen R. Alderman
'S i Alba tìr mo chridhe. 'S i Gàidhlig cànan m' anama.
Scotland is the land of my heart. Gaelic is the language of my soul.
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Scottish Gaelic, Lesson 6
